What will be the impact of climate change in Bangladesh?

Redoan Ahammed

Global warming is increasing as a result of climate change. Glaciers are melting, sea level is rising. This will affect the coastal areas of the world. Bangladesh is one of the few countries in the world that is under threat.

Scientists say that if global warming continues at the same rate, one of Bangladesh's vast oceans will be submerged in salt water in the next 100 years. About three crore people will be displaced. Global climate change will exacerbate the climate crisis in some regions and pose a greater threat to people living in coastal areas, who are at greater risk.

Millions of people in the country have to deal with severe natural disasters such as cyclones, floods, tidal surges, hurricanes and droughts. Climate change has largely begun since the Industrial Revolution. Through the use of fossil fuels for industrialization. Carbon dioxide emissions have been rising since then.

In the delta we are in and the relationship with the sea, we are in a very risky position. Its adverse effects are going to create challenges that could pose a threat to national security.

According to the IPCC, if the sea level rises by one meter, 18 to 20 percent of the land in the southern part of Bangladesh will be lost to the sea. About 20 million people will be displaced. So many people do not have the opportunity to relocate to other parts of the country. The divisional cities of the country will not be able to withstand so much pressure from the people. So there will be a threat of breaking the social order.

According to the report of the World Meteorological Organization, in the last eight million years, the amount of carbon emissions in the Earth's atmosphere in 2016-17 is the highest. As a result, the earth's temperature has risen by 1.1 degrees Celsius. Meteorological and climate experts fear that if the current trend of carbon emissions continues, the average global temperature in the current century is likely to rise by 2 degrees Celsius compared to the pre-industrial revolution period. This will have a serious impact on climate change in countries like Bangladesh.

As the temperature rises, hostile environments such as storms, tidal surges, floods, droughts, unseasonal rains and droughts during the harvest season, increasing soil salinity and endangering the economy and human life will increase.

Climate change is putting a huge strain on food security. 20 percent land will be reduced, population will increase. And as salinity increases, so does productivity. In the meantime, salinity is also coming in the freshwater reservoirs. So the capacity that is now in food production, there can be a big pressure. The target for rice production by 2050 will be reduced by 6 percent. Wheat production will decrease by 32 percent. Agricultural land will increase and people will decrease.

Climate change will ruin food security. At the same time there will be a huge shortage of potable water in Bangladesh. Water cycles are changing because of climate change. When the water is supposed to come, the water is not coming. At the same time, being a low-lying country, the upstream flow is not coming. There are many obstacles. There will be more in the future. Ensuring the free flow of water is needed to keep the whole ecosystem alive, not just for human livelihood.

The effects of climate change can wreak havoc on the environment in a very short period of time. Saline water is entering the Sundarbans, causing many plants to die. There will be no natural shields to resist natural disasters like Sidr, Aila, Mohsin, Bulbul. The pressure on people's lives, livelihoods and health will continue to increase. Waterborne diseases will increase.

Camille Parmesan, an expert at Plymouth University in the United Kingdom, said that after analyzing data on thousands of species, it was found that in the last century, many species had migrated to polar regions or highlands. Of all the studies, more than half have shown that climate change has led to species migration and that most extinct species have begun to have a negative impact.

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